"Combining the best of CBR and IL in the struggle for basic rights and equal opportunities."
David Werner

1. CBR (WHO) concept
Goal; Full integration "A society for all"
" Tries to serve all disabled persons in need; low cost
" Response to an enormous unmet need (Rehab service only 5%)
" Demystify and deinstitutionalize rehab.
" Home and community based service
" Social relate than biomedical focus
" Run through volunteer community participation but with professional multi-sectoral back up.
" Appropriated technology
" Community awareness raising for greater acceptance

A society for all: Can only be achieved through an integrated approach to overcome three kinds of barriers
(1) Major barrier: ex No Wheelchair,
(2) Environmental barrier: ex No environment
(3) Acceptance

2. IL movement; "Self-movement"
Leadership of their own organization by disabled persons.
Organized demand for equal opportunities
Laws to assume full physical and social accessibility

IL movement: It's society that needs to be rehabilitated (Joshua Malinga)
" Disabled persons organizing for their equality and rights
" Advanced by organizations of disabled persons such as
- DPI
- World Institute on Disability (WID)
" Emphasis on self-determination equal opportunities
" Program run for disabled person by disabled person

3. CBR; theory…
/Major strength/ ; Rehab for all who need it, try to reach all disabled persons …

4. IL:
- Disabled person's organization
/Major strength/
" Organized by disabled persons themselves, who are the leaders and decision-makers in the CBR process
" Disabled persons defined and demand their rights on their terms
" Strives for equal opportunities and respect.
" Disabled pride.
" International outreach, strives for international solidarity
" Strives to change legislation to protect equal rights

5. Combing the best of CBR and IL:

	Strength	Weakness
IL	Strong disabled leadership	Middle+upper** class tend to neglect the needs of poorest
CBR	Reach the poorest + needist	Disabled person are recipients not leader
IL+CBR	Disabled person take leadership + empowerment Reach out to all disabled persons even poorest

** David said IL usually middle/upper standard persons with disability are active.
** According to social and cultural condition, IL means internal-independent living

6. Changing the concept of CBR
(1) Wide diversity of programmes, adopted to different local strengths and needs
(2) Leadership by disabled persons
(3) Human rights approach
(4) Poverty reduction an overall socio-economic development

Diversity of CBR programme; adapted to local strengthen and needs
" CBR started by WHO with fairly narrow definition
" Now an enormous variety of CBR programme
- Led by disabled persons or run by DPOs
- Family run (by family organization)
- Community run
- NGO run
- Government run
* community financial
* governmental financial
- NGO financed
* pilot project: limited coverage
* scale-up programme: wide or national coverage
- Role of local CBR volunteer; volunteer or paid

7. Why should be leader by disabled persons?
�　Disabled CBR workers can be inspiring as role models
�　Disabled workers have a better sense of what their peer needs.
�　Many of the breakthroughs for the empowerment of disabled persons have been invented by disabled persons themselves
�　Disabled persons are often more committed to finding more appropriate and enabling solutions.
�　Linking CBR with an increased focus on Human Rights of all disadvantaged groups.
�　Empowerment of disabled woman
�　Linking CBR with poverty reduction and equal development

8. PROJIMO programme of Rehabilitation organized Rehabilitation (came from Health programme)
Three stages: An evolution from
1. Curative care to
2. Preventive care to
3. Sociopolitical care to
�　Learning by doing and avoid big words
�　Visiting professional - asked to teach, not to provide services
�　Peer counseling
�　Awareness Rising by doing themselves

9. How PROJIMO DIFFERS from CBR programme
�　Originated and run by disabled persons (with limited means)
�　Grew out of a community based health programme. Disability -related needs and linked to health needs of whole community
�　Peer counseling, Peer services, and Clients and service providers work in creative problem-solving partnership
�　Visiting professional come as equal, to learn and not provide service
�　A community base in the front of small center or workshop run by the disabled persons with help of the local community
�　Attesting ground for self-esteem, determination, democratic process and collective management.
�　Greater faith in people than a government for change rights and improvement
�　Simplified but highly skilled levels of technology
�　Solidarity with all marginalized & disadvantaged groups in working to create world equal opportunities for all.
�　Bottom-up "organic" spread of methods and approach
�　Goal LIBERATION, not NORMALIZATION.